The most important in good yields are pastures.
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Exactly, but one of the biggest problems our bees face - which is clearly less evident in Finland - is that we do not have the benefit of the pastureland and wild spaces that you have over there. There is a huge majority of hobby beekeepers on this forum and our apiaries are often urban or semi-rural.
There is a very limited amount of forage available to some and transporting bees hige distances to find (if they can) good forage is not often economic or desirable for the hobby beekeeper. Indeed, a lot of our 'pastureland' is no longe pasture - the hedgerows are depleted, the crops grown are often not good for bees and the pastures that remain for our sheep and cattle are often weeded to the point where there is only grass remaining. If you go to places like East Anglia there are ploughed fields for as far as the eye can see - no hedgerows - and growing ceral crops or sugar beet - some of our beekeepers in that location only have any sort of a flow when OSR is planted or field beans.
The 'lucky' ones are those that have found apiaries on traditional farms or have access to orchards and/or heather .. but orchards in the UK are becoming a thing of the past and heather can be notoriously fickle in terms of a regular crop.
The meadows and flower gardens of my youth in the 50's and 60's are long gone .. 30% of British front gardens are now paved over - there's a real concern about that. Our skylarks, butterflies and the plethora of wildlife found everywhere in those past days are becoming a thing of the past ... and until this trend is reversed (and I can't see it happening any time soon) good forage for our bees is going to become ever more difficult to find.
You have said, on a number of occasions, that the UK hive density is too high - and I fear that you are going to be proved right. Even with the awful summer we had last year there should have been some honey crop for most beekeepers - yet, in my area, I estimate that over half of the beekeepers I am in contact with had barely enough honey for their own needs and their bees ... let alone a surplus to sell.
You are correct, it's not all about husbandry - the environment plays a huge part in whether bees can create the surplus we all hope for.