use of disposable gloves
Ask your bee inspector who is most at risk of infection
(a) 2 colony beekeeper using leather gloves
or (b) 100 colony beekeeper using disposables?
Having worked in the exciting world of insurance
for many years I'm very familiar with the idea of identifying and managing risks. Now I'm keeping bees on a larger scale it would be madness for me not to use disposable gloves and any other hygiene measures readily available.
However, in defence of users of leather gloves, it's all about measuring the degree of risk and also the consequences of infection. EFB is the primary worry because anything else is less prevalent or less serious, so let's focus on that for now.
EFB will be spread by the beekeeper who handles combs from an infected colony and then goes on to work through another colony without changing gloves or washing tools.
Also the chances of a random non-beekeeper related infection are small. How small? Well just going on this years stats, I had 160ish colonies as at 1st April and none of those have shown any symptoms, and they've all been inspected by bee inspectors. This is in spite of EFB found locally. So chances of random infection are less than 1/100 and probably much smaller, but this must vary by area depending on underlying disease prevalence.
So heres a rough and ready risk analysis according to colonies owned:
Own 1 colony, infection chances are 1/100, cross infection possibilities = 0
Own 2 colonies, infection chances 2/100, cross-infection possibilities = 2
Own 3 colonies, infection chances 3/100, cross-infection possibilities = 6
Own 4 colonies, infection chances 4/100, cross-infection possibilities = 12
Own 100 colonies, infection chances 100/100, cross-infection poss. = 9900
You get the idea. The more bees you have, the more necessary it is to take precautions, because the risks grow exponentially. The flip-side of that argument is if you only have one apiary with 2 colonies then you will not be adding a significant risk by using leather gloves. And the aggro associated with a 2 colony infection won't be much worse than a 1 colony infection. To be honest, I would be tempted to do the shook swarm on symptomless colonies in the apiary anyway to deal with any doubt.
The only other factor to consider is how many non-owned colonies you come into contact with. It's not fair to put other beekeepers bees at risk.