Hi Tom,
The time for taking and planting willow cuttings, rods at 12 inches and whips that are longer, is end of November when the leaves have fallen until the end of March.
I bought a number of willow rods - salix viminalis (common Osier) - at the beginning of December. Some I planted within a week of receiving them and some I put in a bucket of water in the green house and subsequently saw them frozen in a block of ice on a number of occasions through the winter. Just two weeks ago the rods in the water appeared to be doing nothing significant although the buds did seem to be developing ever so slightly. There was no apparent root growth.
I took the rods out of the bucket and tipped away the water. Filled up the bucket with compost that had recently been taken from the bottom of a compost bin, pushed the rods into it and gave it a bit of a water before putting it back in the green house - unheated (how did you ever guess?).
Just an hour ago I looked in on them and 25 percent have broken buds with first leaves about half to three quarters of an inch long. 50 percent have well developed buds and the remaining 25 percent have slowly developing buds.
By comparison, yesterday evening I looked at the rods planted out and they haven't shown any significant bud growth yet, but expect them to catch up sometime within the next month. The prediction is that they could have produced whips 6 foot long by the end of July.
I have to say that I bought this for fencing material for the bees and not for pollen or nectar which I don't think they produce, but expect them to be fairly representative of willow species generally with regard to the rate of growth, time for taking cuttings, planting etc.
Perhaps someone can confirm that the common osier doesn't produce any form of flower?
A bit of guerilla gardening is in order I think. That and a bit of coppicing at the end of the year to ensure that I'm not over grown with willow.