Do you you that bees get any benefit in terms of energy conservation from smaller cells?
I guess that it might be easier for the heater bees to keep each pupa warm if it is snuggly housed in the cell, rather than has 'spare' room? If this is true, then natural (smaller cell) comb would be especially beneficial in colder climates.
in Russian Siberia official foundation size is 5,6 mm.
Carniolan has biggest naturall cell size.
I have measured my wild combs and size has been 5,3 and it is quite common.
Why use foundations? Langstroth box has 1000 g foundation wax and it is equal 8 kg honey
the price of foundation from own wax is 3 pound a kilo.
As honey 8 kg is 8x5 pound = 40 pound. As comb wax cost is 3 pound. marginal is 37 pound.
.cost of natural combs is 37 pound / box. if you bye foundations, it is 11 pound.
Big hive has 5 boxes combs and every year I renew about 2 boxes per hive.
A part becomes old and a lot will be lost as break down, moulded, in sick hives etc.
. It a big loss in honey yield if I use foundationless frames.
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