...Does drone culling cause earlier swarming?
It seems to me that's the implication.
I found the original paper by Linhart, Bičík and Vagera tough going, since a fog descends whenever I encounter detailed discussions of genetics.
If you view the survival and distribution of its genes as the primary function of any organism, then it makes perfect sense for honeybee colonies to produce loads of drones. What seems very odd to me is that the study suggests that workers somehow "know" that they don't need to undertake the risky act of swarming because there are lots of their half-brothers out spreading the colony's genes.
I can see how this behaviour could be advantageous in evolutionary terms, but I didn't see any attempt in the paper to explain the mechanism.
Much bee behaviour is prompted by pheromonal triggers and we all know about queen scent, but I wonder if any work has been done to identify the unique substances produced by drones? I've come across several pieces written by beekeepers where it was stated that hives tend to become tetchy if there's a lack of drones. If a surfeit of drones suppresses swarming as the paper indicates, then could this be the result of the colony being saturated with "drone scent"?
If the swarming instinct is suppressed by "drone scent", then perhaps there's the potential for a synthetic version that would result in happier bees and beekeepers.