Let's think this through a bit.
You are clearly new to beekeeping?
You have a 5-frame nuc which has just been re-homed into a full hive, so now comprising seven frames (and a dummy/divider)?
The nuc will (should) have arrived with adequate stores for a week or more. So first check would be after a week, for stores and that all else seems well in there (queen is still laying).
You will see if another frame or perhaps two, or even none, are needed for expansion. You will see if stores are increasing or decreasing - possibly coupled with some basic observations outside the hive (mainly as in weather conditions and how busy the bees are foraging) so you may not need to delve too deeply in the hive. If the weather/forage is poor you may have observed them collecting water, if not enough nectar is coming in. All little things but important for the whole picture.
You will then decide whether feed is required or not at the present time and estimate when the next inspection should be due (based on feed/stores availability and state of comb drawing). That period could, of course, change if the outside obserations alter radically within the time-frame decided.
They should not be swarming at this stage, so should not necessarily need 7 day inspections for queen cells at this point of their development.
Keeping ahead of the situations which may otherwise arise, is all you need to do.
To your question - I would say as infrequently as you find possible.
Of course you need to look in regularly, but only for the necessities. You will practise handling your bees soon enough. The important thing at this stage is to get the bee numbers expanding as quickly as possible, and frequent interference is not good for that.
Every time you delve into the colony there is risk to the queen, so try to learn from the outside, with reference to the innards only when necessary - and only then just to confirm or modify your outside observations.
Making adjustments like adding an extra frame of foundation is so easy and should not really disturb the bees that much.
RAB