Finman
Queen Bee
- Joined
- Nov 8, 2008
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- 27,887
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- Location
- Finland, Helsinki
- Hive Type
- Langstroth
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http://geelongbeekeepersclub.com/info/03-037.pdf
Year 2003,
90 pages
A report for the Rural Industries Research
and Development Corporation
by Frederick S Benecke
Contents
Foreword ............................................................................................................................................... iii
1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1
2. Industry Overview........................................................................................................................... 2
The Industry by States ..................................................................................................................................... 3
Apiary Products Other Than Bulk Honey........................................................................................................ 5
Pollination........................................................................................................................................................ 6
Marketing......................................................................................................................................................... 6
Legislation ....................................................................................................................................................... 7
Producer Organisations.................................................................................................................................... 7
Bee Diseases .................................................................................................................................................... 8
3. Resource Base ................................................................................................................................ 9
The Resource Base........................................................................................................................................... 9
Physical Changes ........................................................................................................................................... 10
Biological Control of Weeds ......................................................................................................................... 13
Access to the Resource Base.......................................................................................................................... 14
Present Position.............................................................................................................................................. 17
4. Nutrition and Hive Management.................................................................................................. 21
The Weather................................................................................................................................................... 21
Swarming....................................................................................................................................................... 22
Migratory Beekeeping ................................................................................................................................... 22
Migration Patterns.......................................................................................................................................... 22
New Knowledge ............................................................................................................................................ 28
Supplementary Feeding ................................................................................................................................. 30
Watering Bees................................................................................................................................................ 31
5. Equipment...................................................................................................................................... 32
Hive Materials................................................................................................................................................ 32
Moving Hives ................................................................................................................................................ 34
Harvesting Honey .......................................................................................................................................... 35
Extracting Honey ........................................................................................................................................... 36
Beeswax Production ...................................................................................................................................... 37
Pollen Production........................................................................................................................................... 37
Quality Assurance (QA) ................................................................................................................................ 38
6. Pollination...................................................................................................................................... 39
Can Pollination be Valued? ........................................................................................................................... 39
Pollination in Australia .................................................................................................................................. 40
State by State ................................................................................................................................................. 40
Almond Pollination........................................................................................................................................ 44
7. Queen Bees and Packages .......................................................................................................... 46
Importations................................................................................................................................................... 46
Quarantine...................................................................................................................................................... 46
Genetic Improvement Programs .................................................................................................................... 47
Common Practices ......................................................................................................................................... 49
Commercial Queen Breeding......................................................................................................................... 49
Honey Producer Queen Breeding .................................................................................................................. 51
Package Bees ................................................................................................................................................. 56
8. Diseases and Pests ...................................................................................................................... 59
Legislation ..................................................................................................................................................... 60
Brood Diseases .............................................................................................................................................. 62
Other Diseases and Pests ............................................................................................................................... 73
Exotic Diseases and Pests .............................................................................................................................. 81
9. Appendices.................................................................................................................................... 82
Appendix I: Agencies .................................................................................................................................... 82
Appendix II: National Beekeeper Organisations ........................................................................................... 85
Appendix III: Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................. 86
http://geelongbeekeepersclub.com/info/03-037.pdf
Year 2003,
90 pages
A report for the Rural Industries Research
and Development Corporation
by Frederick S Benecke
Contents
Foreword ............................................................................................................................................... iii
1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1
2. Industry Overview........................................................................................................................... 2
The Industry by States ..................................................................................................................................... 3
Apiary Products Other Than Bulk Honey........................................................................................................ 5
Pollination........................................................................................................................................................ 6
Marketing......................................................................................................................................................... 6
Legislation ....................................................................................................................................................... 7
Producer Organisations.................................................................................................................................... 7
Bee Diseases .................................................................................................................................................... 8
3. Resource Base ................................................................................................................................ 9
The Resource Base........................................................................................................................................... 9
Physical Changes ........................................................................................................................................... 10
Biological Control of Weeds ......................................................................................................................... 13
Access to the Resource Base.......................................................................................................................... 14
Present Position.............................................................................................................................................. 17
4. Nutrition and Hive Management.................................................................................................. 21
The Weather................................................................................................................................................... 21
Swarming....................................................................................................................................................... 22
Migratory Beekeeping ................................................................................................................................... 22
Migration Patterns.......................................................................................................................................... 22
New Knowledge ............................................................................................................................................ 28
Supplementary Feeding ................................................................................................................................. 30
Watering Bees................................................................................................................................................ 31
5. Equipment...................................................................................................................................... 32
Hive Materials................................................................................................................................................ 32
Moving Hives ................................................................................................................................................ 34
Harvesting Honey .......................................................................................................................................... 35
Extracting Honey ........................................................................................................................................... 36
Beeswax Production ...................................................................................................................................... 37
Pollen Production........................................................................................................................................... 37
Quality Assurance (QA) ................................................................................................................................ 38
6. Pollination...................................................................................................................................... 39
Can Pollination be Valued? ........................................................................................................................... 39
Pollination in Australia .................................................................................................................................. 40
State by State ................................................................................................................................................. 40
Almond Pollination........................................................................................................................................ 44
7. Queen Bees and Packages .......................................................................................................... 46
Importations................................................................................................................................................... 46
Quarantine...................................................................................................................................................... 46
Genetic Improvement Programs .................................................................................................................... 47
Common Practices ......................................................................................................................................... 49
Commercial Queen Breeding......................................................................................................................... 49
Honey Producer Queen Breeding .................................................................................................................. 51
Package Bees ................................................................................................................................................. 56
8. Diseases and Pests ...................................................................................................................... 59
Legislation ..................................................................................................................................................... 60
Brood Diseases .............................................................................................................................................. 62
Other Diseases and Pests ............................................................................................................................... 73
Exotic Diseases and Pests .............................................................................................................................. 81
9. Appendices.................................................................................................................................... 82
Appendix I: Agencies .................................................................................................................................... 82
Appendix II: National Beekeeper Organisations ........................................................................................... 85
Appendix III: Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................. 86
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