One example of how long it can take to get a laying queen.

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As a biologist I use the whole temp scale of temperature. What idea is to inform the coldest temperature where the queen has been seen to mate.

The idea is to give to beekeepers knowledge about normal conditions..

I do not know the meaning of this wondering.
Quite useful if it guides whether there is a reasonable chance of a late season mating, or whether better to combine colonies for example.
 
Quite useful if it guides whether there is a reasonable chance of a late season mating, or whether better to combine colonies for example.
That is a big mistake if you try that.

In Finland September is such month that weathers do not allow mating.
Once me and my friend got 15.9 mated queens. My hive started to renew its queen in spring and my friend's queen was not able to lay 2 boxes. Such a dwarf hive.

Queen rearing is a laborous job. Do it when summer is still good.
 
Not many of my new queens enjoy twenty degree mating flights.
17 degrees here yesterday and very breezy but saw a queen returning from a mating flight arrive back in the afternoon into one of my mini nucs accompanied by about a dozen bees whirling around her.
 
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