I'm afraid you are beginning to blather a bit now DM - it has become an onsession and if you're not careful it will begin to gall
There are rather more things to consider than the simple question posed by the OP.
Strength of colony, topography of site, actual construction of hive, etc, etc.
I would say that generally 11 or 12 frames of honey and pollen stores likely affords a deal of insulation for the cluster. Yes, colonies do set up home outside - but likely fare worse than a cosy colony away from the elements. Eaves and window reveals were not around ten thousand years ago and bees were likely limited to the very south of the British Isles due to the receding ice age. Those that set up home in the open likely paid the price and were no longer in the gene pool.
William Broughton Carr devised his hive around the extra afforded protection of a double wall. Maybe he was right - I certainly found the WBC to be a superior over-wintering hive to the single-walled National.
Some even filled the cavity with straw or sawdust to assist the colony in over-wintering. I don't think those who did that were misguided cranks.
Soo, it depends on what you, the beek, wants. Some may say 'I don't really care, as they appear to get by without any extra insulation'. I actually am more practical than that and realise that extra insulation is good - at least up to a point; I recognise that an early start to brooding in spring does require some help on occasions.
I know that a colony can easily survive in a 6 frame hive with 6mm side walls. BTDT. Do I do it as a norm? No.
I know that extra insulation, particularly above the box when on OMF, is good for the bees, if only to reduce my costs for extra winter feed and their needs for stores during those coldest months. Whether that translates to extra insulation on the outside of the hive is up to the individual beek. That word 'need' is just a tad subjective. As I posted earlier, some of mine have/have had extra insulation and, as above, the colony in the nuc with 6mm walls got through the winter. So not a necessity but likely a help for them - as long as it is not over-done to the extreme.
RAB
RAB