Long post warning.... Earlier in the year, I thought that it would be a good thing to keep a hive in a sizeable garden, which is surrounded by neighbours on two sides and has a car park area to the rear. The area was specially constructed, with high screening, and a generally protected area. I successfully kept a growing nuc and later a full-sized colony. As my beekeeping experience developed and I gained first-hand experience of gentle and aggressive bees in various situations (visiting Association members' and working my own out-apiary colonies) the prospect of bees-gone-bad started to play on my mind.
As a beekeeper I have a duty of care to anybody who may be affected by my acts or omissions. I believe that it would be very irresponsible of me to expose neighbours, passers-by, children, etc. to any uncontrolled risk. I think that this is the crux of the matter; the ability to ‘control’ that risk. If I were to make an analogy to risk management in industry (for example) I would be required in this situation to have made a “suitable and sufficient” risk assessment and have done “all that is reasonably practicable” to minimise the risk of harm. Before anybody jumps in saying that we are not operating in an industrial environment, I would venture that the analogy is relevant, as similar principles of health and safety management are useful in consideration of the potential for life-threatening risk. I cannot expect anybody who may be affected by my bees to have reasonable foresight of the risk that my hobby brings with it.
If I then consider Roy's frightening experience (thank goodness you have come through this Roy) the rest is easy. The definition of ‘reasonably practicable’ suggests that the risk of a fatality (however slight) should be afforded all due consideration and means of control. Could I sleep at night with the worry that a child might suffer similar trauma (or worse) that Roy has experienced? No.
Again, with the analogy of H&S in industry, means of risk reduction may involve: elimination, reduction, isolation, control, and the provision of protective equipment.
I attempted to reduce the risk, to isolate the colony, to control (through my best efforts at bee management) and of course, I protected myself very soundly with all manner of suits, boots and other bits and pieces! However, the residual risk to any passing child (or others) still remained. Bees will fly, bees will sting.
All things considered, I moved the colony when they showed signs of swarming (I appreciate that swarming bees may be quite docile but didn't want the adverse PR)! I should add that the neighbours were aware and supportive of my endeavours from the start and that the bees were sufficiently isolated from ‘line-of-flight contact with passers-by.
I am not taking the view that all garden beekeepers are irresponsible. Far from it, my own garden beekeeping experience was highly rewarding. I might once again manage a colony in my garden (I am thinking small-scale, nurturing nuc's and such-like). Not yet. I believe that I now have a fairly good idea of the temperament of my out-apiary bees and I feel fairly confident that I can pick up on the danger signs of things turning nasty (notice that I don't use the phrase 'going wrong' as I know that bees can become aggressive as a normal part of their lifecycle and this is an important consideration). I will make sure that, to the best of my ability, I am equipped to be able to identify signs of increasing risk and have a contingency plan in place to ‘eliminate’ that risk by a rapid placement to the out-apiary if the situation dictates.
There are so many variables and I have illustrated my own experiences only.
As an aside, the out-apiary is made possible by the generosity of a local landowner. Though the land is ‘private’ does my ‘duty of care’ extend to people who occasionally use the field as a ‘short-cut’? I think that I know what the answer is.
There has been talk of gloves too. Personally, I wear white, thin, nitrile gloves for the majority of my work with four colonies. However, my leather gauntlets are readily available in the bee-box, should the critters become a little feisty. Easily sorted.
You might have guessed that health and safety management is part of my ‘day job’. H&S gets a pretty bad press these days, mostly due to many misconceptions, paranoia, and factually incorrect information. I take a very pragmatic view and firmly believe in addressing the real risks without too much fuss. Beekeeping brings very real risks that ought to be managed carefully. And yes, it may be a particularly bitter pill to swallow and we might all rue the day when we are subject to enforced and over-zealous regulation because of our own inadequate control of our charges. Don’t shoot the messenger!