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Distribute your apiary into three groups: A. Honey production. B. Production of Queens for replacement or sale. C. Drone Production. In each group, establish a single frame size based on your equipament. Sell or trade any equipment that doesn't fit. Establish operations systematically for each...

The solubility of glucose, fructose and sucrose in water at 25°C is 910, 4000 and 540 gr/L. It is also useful to remember that the hydrolysis of sucrose releases energy and that a sucrose solution held between 50-60°C is 85% dissociated. On the other hand, for humans, the processing of glucose...

I have read the article and only at the end does it offer a key that we beekeepers should take into account. "When a bee arrives at the hive, the concentration of sugars is usually double that of the original nectar." Thus, we must understand the two basic processes that modify this value: A...

The honey bee has 3 variants of alpha-glucosidase (invertase) in 3 locations (ventricle, hemolymph, and hypopharyngeal glands). It is the latter, alpha-glucosidase III found in the hypopharyngeal glands, that is naturally transferred to honey. This invertase is not present in nurse bees, so age...

If that is what it seems based on DNA analysis, but only the bonobo evolved with that bias, the rest of the chimpanzees or hominids are still in the competitive phase. And in the case of hominids, only one species survives and unfortunately it seems that humanity is heading for one race to survive.

The bonobo and the chimpanzee share a common ancestor, when the Congo River was formed, the populations were separated and specified. Because the population south of the Congo River had no problems accessing food, the population agreed to share food, thus emerging the social and calm character...

The problem is that we descended from the chimpanzee and not the bonobo.

From nectar and pollen, bees obtain various products depending on the needs of the colony, but it is easy to understand that honey, bee bread and wax are accumulated from what the bees do not need at that precise moment.

If that were true, the Chinese would have discovered how to turn lead into gold.

My mother bakes the apples at 150°C until they turn a toasted color. If they are acidic, remove the stem and make a conical cut in the upper part that you fill with a little sugar. I suppose that for quinces it will be similar. In Galicia, quince jelly is made to accompany cheese. The sweet is...

I have never doubted that our compatriots were capable of producing extraordinary products thanks to the land and climate that we enjoy. Proof of this is the good work of Enrique who has achieved gold for the best London Dry Gin in the world...

By allusion. In the comment, explain the reason why you could use that word with a pejorative meaning, which exists in YOUR language for historical reasons of racism and xenophobia. On the other hand, using a word to refer to an animal, due to its context and not its physical condition, is...

If the vespula germanica is called "Yellowjacket", the VV could well receive the adjective "Blackorangejacket Hornet"

It lacks practical sense to highlight a characteristic that is difficult to appreciate. I think it would be much more useful to look at what stands out at first glance in its black and orange colors.

Try one, but have a good glass of milk nearby since casein surrounds capsaicin and mitigates its effects.

The reason I think they are habaneros is because of the pointed shape and small size characteristic of capsicum chinense.

I think you have not understood the irony in my statement. The only good foods for wintering are pollen and honey, so the first handling should be aimed at leaving supplies of both. He who adulterates his honey is no better a speculator than he who offers his bees fraudulent food (things that...

If the majority of users complain about adulterated honey, due to unfair competition, do you think it is advisable to feed your bees with more or less thick/solid syrups?

A question: Of the times that you have checked the hives, have you observed bees with deformed wings? I ask this because DWV is a virus that spreads through varroa as a vector. Having observed bees with deformed wings means that the varroa infestation is high and must be treated quickly to...

and how do you know?