happens more often than people think - noone can say they spend all day staring at a hive to just state outright it never happens
I was working in the apiary or nearby the times I witnessed it and in those days used to keep the camera handy in case I saw anything interesting.
Pretty definite evidence, a five frame nuc with (only one) newly emerged queen. Big bustle as you would expect from a swarm, out they come, apiary a black cloud of bees with me in the middle, they gathered, did a circuit of the garden, a circuit of the units behind, then a pause before descending once more on the nuc and queueing up to go back inside. it happened two or three days on the trot, then a few days later - eggs then brood (I think I still have her descendants in one of my apiaries)[/QUOTE
The whole point, of what you call mating flights, is that the virgin queen is still in the hive whilst it is going on! So, she is not being mated then is she. I removed her into a nuc and left a very nice QC that was getting a lot of attention from workers. If she had flown it would have been a cast swarm which in the old literature used to be called a mating swarm thereof the confusion. The reason the swarm came back to the hive was that she was not with them. The queen is a laggard, not the first out. What it really was is an aborted swarm attempt. This has now happened on three different occasions over the years. With your entrenched attitude you would not even check it out would you.
The so called "staring post" - She said No, no, no ...no" was to do with seeing a virgin leaving on mating flights and sorry guys she flew unaccompanied with no fanfare. I have seen them come back before from 1210hrs to 1730hrs incl. one with the 'mating sign'.