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In Ireland, where post codes are unique to each address, I understand that the the postcode is acceptable but I'm personally not aware of anybody using just that.

The only reason is that its not legal. Now if you could buy pharmaceutical grade oxalic acid, like you can buy methylated spirits for example, that would be a different matter.

The appearance of the queen might give you a clue. She might be typical Amm for example, but its just an indication, not conclusive and remember she has mated with many different drones so the makeup of the actual bees can not be known. Most likely they're whatever is most often kept in your...

Here's another one of theirs. Apparently they feel syrup all the time, to give the bees the energy to go out and collect the honey. I hope thats not the honey they sell! And their method of disease control - add garlic to the syrup.... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ljPeIAo7ie0 I despair.

Yes, but then its not honey; its a food product and a whole lot more complicated. I'd love to see their HACCP.

Here's a photo of something similar from one of my hives about a month ago. There were two clusters of bee parts on the bottom board that definitely couldnt have come through the mesh. Shrews or mice maybe?

I agree. But those that use it, use it to imply that the honey has been minimally processed and in this case he has added a material of uncertain source and make up which takes the product some distance from what 'raw' is usually understood as..

Can you still use the descriptor "Raw Honey" when you have aded something to the honey, pollen granules?? Have they comme from the same hive or same apiary? How are they manufactured? And the sentence "consider allergies before eating" is worth precisely nothing. All it does is indicate that...

Wait a few days. I trickled three hives a week ago. Two of them had a decent drop on the first day and a larger drop on the second. The third dropped nothing on those days, but on day 3 it did!

Well, defective in some way, either drone eggs or infertile. At the time I searched for references but I didnt find any for discarding ike this. Most (or all) stated that the dud eggs were eaten.... The large ones are new wax plates. There is usually an occasional one but if they're actively...

This is a very interesting thread on a subject that deserves more attention. Here is a photo of eggs found on a bottom board in winter. In spring, the queen turned out to be a poor layer, laying mostly drone eggs...and the colony fizzled out...

Organoleptic is how it looks and tastes. As far as I know its not lab based. Just say he'll taste a sample from each batch and if it tastes odd or appears abnormal will either discard or send for lab exam.

I presume the UK agreed with the current measures in italy. If the UK opposed them they would not end up being law. (Uk carries huge weight in animal health in the EU - or used to).

For interest, why is aluminium better?

https://pheromite.com/varroa-treatments-mode-action-resistance/ "There were some reports that oxalic acid may damage the mouthparts of the mite [35]. However, there is no scientific evidence for this and the origin of this concept seems to be a manipulated picture published on the Internet...

It might be interesting for you to have a look at the Rose Hive method. It uses same size boxes for both brood and super.

When last inspected about a month ago one of my hives was getting honeybound with only one frame of brood (single BB National, no super) and the rest full of honey and nectar. Anyway, I did nothing about it, but since then it has been extremely active, except in the very worst weather, including...

Exactly. Its not a simple bee/varroa equation. If bees come to terms with some or all of the viruses, the effects of 'varroa' will decrease considerably.

Heres a related paper and an interesting statement linking this to Hygenic Behaviour. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5817142/ "Our results support the idea of a causal link between infested brood degeneration [in A cerana] and the initiation of social immunity based on the...

The fact that cerana does it must mean that it is genetically feasible, and that it is an effective strategy against varroa. Mites seeking out drone brood (if the workers suicide) is of little consequence as numbers are likely not enough to amplify viruses sufficiently and won't affect...