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Great. Many thanks (and to other responders). Much appreciated.

Any recommendations for (pickup) breakdown insurance that covers in the field? Many thanks in advance.

And I am not far either. Maurice

How is it wired up? There are no instructions?

Foragers may return for up to 14 days, from past experience. Could that explain the 7 day issue?

It is in the Webinar section for members.

Also worth remembering that in warm weather, some forager come home the next day (and not on the day of leaving the hive - they stay out in the fields etc.) so expect some to be still flying around even when the others were locked up the night before.

They generally don't recover after 2 hours in the freezer. Some can recover after 30 minutes though (depending on your freezer, etc) even if frozen enough to rattle individual bees in the jar, I have found.

The app should be more sensitive than our eye but fully agree that any detection by it means there is a very heavy infestation. 👍

Fred Dunn refers to a phone app in his Youtube video number 63. However, it is worth pointing out that it only images varroa on the backs of bees on frames and to be fair to Fred Dunn he recommends that if the app detects ANY Varroa, then you need to treat. Sam Ramsay has shown that many are...

Good description 👍

One AFB bacterium produces one spore and may be between 10 million and 1000 million per ml of liquid (you will not have a ml in each cell of your comb but it adds up when you allow for all the frames). Chemically very different from fungal/nosema spores etc. and very tough to destroy.

We are all learning and I have found that this is a really good forum for getting sound information.

Just for information, the bacterium that cause EFB does not produce spores. It is the bacterium that causes AFB that produce spores. The bacterium that cause EFB can be spread by contaminated clothes, tools and bees etc. though.

Just for information - It is actually a Gram positive, spore-forming bacterium - Bacillus thuringiensis - which produces a toxin than kills the wax moth larvae (but is not thought to harm the honey bee larvae). Nematodes are worms. Hope that is useful.

Could try mixing two samples and see if it is working okay. Bit odd.

Viscosity/centrifugation issue?

Did the same student(s) prepare allthe samples? Worth a repeat analysis by another group? If there were differences in viscosity, did they dilute the honeys adequately before centrifugation? Just some thoughts, not meant to be crticisms at all.

Never had buckwheat near me so no experience but others may have e.g. those on mainland Europe?

Don't think it is in the set of images (Fagopyrum species) but several images on the link below - one with size information: https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=buckwheat+pollen+image&qpvt=buckwheat+pollen+image&form=IGRE&first=1&tsc=ImageBasicHover